From neolithic to late modern period: Brief history of wheat

History of wheat cultivation is as long history civilization. Adaptation nature, animal domestication and plant cultivation, enabled transition from nomadism to sedentism 12,000 years ago, portraying the rise Homo sapiens today. First civilization, Mesopotamia aroused around 4000 B.C.E, in riverbanks Tiger Euphrates, where carbon-14 dating revealed that tetraploid wild emmer (Triticum turgidum subsp. dicoccoides) was grown. Due modest requirements high nutritional value, quickly spread its centre origin throughout world. Generations farmers have chosen seeds plants with best architecture, adapted local conditions for sowing, striving toward constant improvement yields. For centuries agricultural production based on locally varieties great genetic diversity. Agriculture completely changed course mid-XX century a result Green Revolution, introduction high-yielding cereal varieties, chemical fertilizers pesticides, irrigation mechanization replacing traditional techniques. The flourishing agriculture has drastically development global society. Improvement techniques by integrating scientific advancements knowledge assimilate environmental factors tripled yields last 50 years. Today, wheat, maize rice, represent staple food humanity.